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As stated in the EPA publication "Is Your Drinking Water Safe?" (1):
"Only two substances for which standards have been set pose an immediate threat to
health whenever they are exceeded: bacteria and nitrate." In addition, high nitrate
levels in water and feed lead to reduced vitality and increased stillbirth, low birth
weight, and slow weight gain in livestock (2). Nitrate level is monitored in
municipal water supplies world-wide, and in foodstuffs, to prevent exposure of populations
to harmful or toxic levels. Monitoring private wells and other sources of
drinking water is up to the individual owner.
Nitrate in Drinking Water is
regulated in the US by two acts of Congress.
EPA Safe Drinking Water
Act:
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/sdwa/index.html
Clean Water Act: http://www.epa.gov/region5/water/cwa.htm
The Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) is 10 ppm nitrate-N.
In California and the EU
this is translated into 44 ppm Nitrate.
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